What is a capacitor in simple terms

CAPACITOR

            It is a passive components. Capacitor have storing ability. Which can store electric energy in the form of electric charge.

Has the ability to store charge which neither a resistor nor an inductor can do.

CAPACITANCE

            The charge storage ability of a capacitor is called the capacitance of a capacitor.

UNIT OF CAPACITANCE

            The unit used to measure capacitance is Farad (F), its symbol (C).

FARAD

            If a voltage of one volt causes one coulomb of charge to deposited in a capacitor , its capacity will be one farad.

            1 FARAD=1 Coulomb / 1 volt

                               

                            =  9×10¹¹ e.s.u

                            e.s.u= Electrostatic unit 

                                1µF=10^-6 F

                                 1nF=10^-9 F

                                1pF=10^-12F

            Q=C.V

          Q=Charge,coulomb

          C=Capacity , farad

          V=Potential difference, volt

USED OF CAPACITOR

            1)Filter circuit

            2)Rectifier circuit

            3)Oscillator circuit

            4)Amplifier circuit

            5)Other most commonly electronic circuit.

SOME OTHER IMPORTANT TOPIC OF CAPACITOR

            1) Supply frequency increase=Impedance are decrease.

            2) Supply frequency decrease=Impedance are increase.

            3)Power consumption is zero of ideal capacitor.

            4)Current lead 90⁰

            5)Block the passage of direct current through it.

            6)Dc current flow through the capacitor there by capacitor act as a open circuit.

            7)The capacitor allow through the AC current by self.

            8)It opposes any change in the amount of voltage.

ENERGY STORED IN A CAPACITOR

            W=1÷ 2 C. V²

           W= Energy stored, joules

            C= Capacity, farads

            V= Voltage, volt

CAPACITIVE REACTANCE IN A CAPACITOR

            Xc=1÷2.∏.f.c

THE CAPACITANCE OF CAPACITOR DEPEND ON

            1)Distance between two plates.

            2)Area of the plates .

            3)Dielectric material.

TYPE OF CAPACITORS  

            Mainly two types of capacitor

A) Variable capacitors

B) Fixed capacitors

        Ba)Electrolytic capacitors

        Bb)Non electrolytic capacitors

                            1)Paper capacitor

                            2)Ceramic capacitor

                            3)Mica capacitor

A) VARIABLE CAPACITORS

        Its capacitance value are varied 

USED OF VARIABLE CAPACITORS

            1)Radio receiver circuit

            2)Other electronics circuit there capacitance value is varied.

Ba) ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS

            This types of capacitor made positive plates and negative plates.

USED OF ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS

            Most suitable for filter circuit

Bb) 1) PAPER CAPACITOR

            It is made of two tinfoil sheets. Two sheets a separated by thin tissue paper.

USED OF PAPER CAPACITOR

            1)Used for power supply.

            2)Filters circuits.

            3)Motor -starting.

Bb) 2) CERAMIC CAPACITOR 

            This types of capacitor very large value capacitance.

USED OF CERAMIC CAPACITOR

            1)Use for general purpose.

            2)Use for high frequency circuit feeders.

            3)Use for coupling and decoupling.

Bb) 3) MICA CAPACITORS

            Ii is working for high voltage.

USED FOR MICA CAPACITORS

            1)Use for radio circuit.

            2)Use for high frequency. 

CAPACITOR IN PARALLEL

C_T=C₁+C₂+C₃

CAPACITOR IN SERIES

1/C_T=1/C₁+1/C₂+1/C₃